Bislett games 2012 schedule

Yigrem Demelash. Yenew Alamirew. Yitayal Atnafu. Emmanuel Kipkemei Bett. Abera Kuma. Lucas Kimeli Rotich. Arne Gabius. Teklemariam Medhin.

Adrian Blincoe. James Kwalia C'Kurui. Elroy Gelant. Sindre Buraas. Remmy Limo Ndiwa. Vincent Rono. Javier Culson. Jehue Gordon. Justin Gaymon. David Greene. Cornel Fredericks. Jack Green. Ricardo Yates. Georg Fleischhauer. Renaud Lavillenie. Malte Mohr. Lukasz Michalski. Alhaji Jeng. Maksym Mazuryk. Pawel Wojciechowski. Lyukman Adams. Christian Taylor. Sheryf El-Sheryf. Peder P. Alexis Copello. Onochie Achike. Tomasz Majewski. Dylan Armstrong. David Storl. Kim Christensen. Marco Fortes.

Leif Arrhenius. Stian Andersen. Fatih Avan. Andreas Thorkildsen. Ari Mannio. Matthias de Zordo. Vadims Vasilevskis. Stuart Farquhar. Ivan Zaytsev. Ezinne Okparaebo. ChaRonda Williams. Sheri-Ann Brooks.

Gloria Asumnu. Montell Douglas. Tiffany Townsend. Abiodun Oyepitan. Mariya Ryemyen. Murielle Ahoure. The price of the securities is determined by force of demand and supply of the market and keeps on fluctuating. Functions of Financial market a It provides facilities for interaction between the investors and the borrowers. In National Stock Exchange there is trading of equity shares, bonds and government securities.

Indias Stock Exchanges particularly national Stock Exchange has achieved world standards in the recent years. The value of index is calculated by taking into consideration the movement in share price and trading volume of total 50 shares. The value of index is calculated by taking into consideration the movement in share price and trading volume of total 30 shares.

Financial Intermediation is a systematic channel within the financial system to ensure the transfer of financial assets to the ultimate investor in order to garner the requisite amount. Financial intermediation in the organised sector is conducted by a wide range of institutions functioning under the overall surveillance of the Reserve Bank of India. In the initial stages, the role of the intermediary was mostly related to ensure transfer of funds from the lender to the borrower. This service was offered by banks, FIs, brokers and dealers.

However, as the financial system widened along with the developments taking place in the financial markets, the scope of its operations also widened. Some of the important intermediaries operating in the financial markets include; investment bankers, underwriters, stock exchanges, registrars, depositories, custodian, portfolio managers, mutual funds, financial advertiser financial advertisers financial consultants, primary dealers, satellite dealers, self-regulatory organisations, etc.

Through the markets are different, there may be a few intermediaries offering their services in more than one market e. However, the services offered by them vary from one market to another. That honour belongs to Bank of Upper India Establishment but failed in Between to Established no. In 6 more Banks Nationalised. In s, the then govt. In RRBs were established. The function of the central bank of a country is to control and monitor the banking and financial system of the country.

The RBI was established in It was nationalised in Feb 24, The Government of India appoints the directors for a 4-year term. The Board consists of a Governor, and not more than 4 Deputy Governors, 4 Directors to represent the regional boards, 2 from the Ministry of Finance and 10 other directors from various fields. Urjit Patel became Deputy Governor in January As for the rest, one is nominated from among the Chairpersons of Public Sector Bank, and the other is an economist of repute.

It is also often seen that an officer of Indian Administrative Service is appointed Deputy Governor of. The case of Y. The RBI plays role of regulator of the banking system in India. The RBI has different functions in different roles. Below, we share and discuss some of the functions of the RBI. The objectives of these regulations include: Controlling money supply in the system, Monitoring different key indicators like GDP and inflation, Maintaining peoples confidence in the banking and financial system, and Providing different tools for customers help, such as acting as the Banking Ombudsman.

It reviews the policy every quarter as well. The main objectives of monitoring monetary policy are: Inflation control Control on bank credit Interest rate control The tools used for implementation of the objectives of monetary policy are: Cash Reserve Ratio CRR and Statutory Liquidity Ratio SLR , Open market operations, Different Rates such as repo rate, reverse repo rate, and bank rate.

The RBI also takes action to control circulation of fake currency. The RBI is responsible for controlling the overall operations of all banks in India.

These banks may be: Public sector banks Private sector banks Foreign banks Co-operative banks, or Regional rural banks The control and supervisory roles of the Reserve Bank of India is done through the following:.

The RBI also grants licenses to open new branches for existing banks. Under the licensing policy, the RBI provides banking services in areas that do not have this facility. As such, they are responsible for implementation of international standards of capital adequacy norms and asset classification. The RBI has powers to appoint additional directors in banks as well.

Every bank has to ensure KYC norms are applied before allowing someone to open an account. Transparency Norms: This means that every bank has to disclose their charges for providing services and customers have the right to know these charges. Risk Management: The RBI provides guidelines to banks for taking the steps that are necessary to mitigate risk.

They do this through risk management in Basel norms. Audit and Inspection: The procedure of audit and inspection is controlled by the RBI through off-site and on-site monitoring system. It does due diligence on every foreign transaction, including the inflow and outflow of foreign exchange. It takes steps to stop the fall in value of the Indian Rupee. The RBI also takes necessary steps to control the current account deficit.

Development: Being the banker of the Government of India, the RBI is responsible for implementation of the governments policies related to agriculture and rural development. The RBI also ensures the flow of credit to other priority sectors as well. Section 54 of the RBI gives stress on giving specialized support for rural development.

Priority sector lending is also in key focus area of the RBI. Apart from the above, the RBI publishes periodical review and data related to banking. The role and functions of the RBI cannot be described in a brief write up. The RBI plays a very important role in every aspect related to banking and finance. These banks are eligible for certain facilities such as financial accommodation from RBI and are required to fulfil certain statutory obligation. The RBI is empowered to exclude any bank from the schedule whose: 1 Aggregate value of paid up capital and reserves fall below Rs 5 lakh 2 Affairs are conducted in a manner detrimental to the interests of depositors 3 Goes into liquidation and ceases to transact banking business.

The traditional commercial bank is a brick and mortar institution with tellers, safe deposit boxes, vaults and ATMs. However, some commercial banks do not have any physical branches and require consumers to complete all transactions by phone or Internet. In exchange, they generally pay higher interest rates on investments and deposits, and charge lower fees.

Commercial banking activities are different than those of investment banking, which include underwriting, acting as an intermediary between an issuer of securities and the investing public, facilitating mergers and other corporate reorganizations, and also acting as a broker for institutional clients.

Some commercial banks, such as Citibank and JPMorgan Chase, also have investment banking divisions, while others, such as Ally, operate strictly on the commercial side of the business. These are banks where majority stake is held by the Government of India. Jatinder Bir Singh, I. Jain E. Good people to grow with Where every individual is committed The Name you can Bank Upon Where series is a way of life. Arundhati Bhattacharya Chairman , Shri.

Jeevandas Narayan Managing Director. Foreign Banks - These banks are registered and have their headquarters in a foreign country but operate their branches in our country. V Amsterdam Making more possible. Private Sector Banks - These are banks majority of share capital of the bank is held by private individuals. These banks are registered as companies with limited liability. Bnaks Name Headquarters Establishment 1.

City Union Bank Kumbakonam 2. Dhanlaxmi Bank Thrissur, Kerala 3. Federal Bank Aluva, Kochi, Kerala 4. Karnataka Bank Mangaluru, Karnataka 7. Karur Vysya Bank Karur 8. Lakshmi Vilas Bank Karur 9. Nainital Bank Nainital, Uttarakhand Ratnakar Bank Kolhapur in Maharashtra South Indian Bank Thrissur, Kerala Development Credit Bank Mumbai, Maharashtra 3. IndusInd Bank Mumbai, Maharashtra 6.

Yes Bank Mumbai, Maharashtra 7. Regional Rural Banks The nationalization of the banks in boosted the confidence of the public in the Banking system of the country. However, in the early s, there was a feeling that even after nationalization, there were cultural issues which made it difficult for commercial banks, even under government ownership, to lend to farmers. This issue was taken up by the government and it set up Narasimham Working Group in On the basis of this committees recommendations, a Regional Rural Banks Ordinance was promulgated in September , which was replaced by the Regional Rural Banks Act The rural banks had the legislative backing of the Regional Rural Banks Act This act allowed the government to set up banks from time to time wherever it considered necessary.

The RRBs were owned by three entities with their respective shares as follows:. Regional Rural Banks were conceived as low cost institutions having a rural ethos, local feel and pro poor focus.

Every bank was to be sponsored by a Public Sector Bank, however, they were planned as the self sustaining credit institution which were able to refinance their internal resources in themselves and were excepted from the statutory pre-emptions. Problems with Regional Rural Banks But the original assumptions were belied as within a very short time, most banks were making losses.

The RRB concept was based upon the policy that they would lend only to the weaker sections of rural society, charging lower interest rates, opening branches in remote and rural areas and keep a low cost profile.

But the commercial motivation was absent. Initially the banks expanded and by the end of year RRBS had opened branches.

During this period their credit deposit Ratio C. R expanded very fast. The Credit Deposit Ratio continuously declined thereafter. Later, the questions started being raised about the viability of these banks. The Khusrau Committee of , noted that the weaknesses of RRBs are endemic to the system and non-viability is built into it, and the only option was to merge the RRBs with the sponsor banks.

The objective of serving the weaker sections effectively could be achieved only by self-sustaining credit institutions. RRBs were finding themselves unable to sustain because of the mounting losses due to imprudent commercial policy.

Thus, Khusrau Committee aka Agricultural Credit Review Committee said that the RRBs have no justifiable cause for continuance and recommended their mergers with sponsor banks. But by that time, the branch network had expanded so large that it would be political unwise for the government to merge the RRBs with sponsor Banks.

By , of the RRBs were recorded unprofitable. The First Narasimham Committee recommended that the RRBs should also be permitted to engage in all types of banking business and should not be forced to restrict their operations to the target groups. The Narasimham committee also recommended that there should be mergers of the RRBs with their sponsor bank, BUT the sponsor banks might decide whether to retain the identities of sponsored RRBs or to merge them with rural subsidiaries of commercial banks to be set up on the recommendation of the committee.

The first recommendation of letting the RRBs do all businesses was accepted by the government. Some measures were taken by the Reserve Bank of India also. It allowed the RRBs to relocate their branches if they were making losses at one location for more than 3 years. They were also allowed to finance the non-target groups to the extent not exceeding 40 percent of their incremental lending.

This limit was subsequently enhanced to 60 percent in It took a number of HR and Organizational Development in these banks. Turnaround of RRBs The above discussion makes it clear that most RRB were making loss and had deviated from the original idea that had created them. But there were some profit making RRBs also. Some reforms led the rise in the number of the profit making RRBs but most of them were having a low credit deposit ratio.

This was coupled with the decreasing percentage of loans to small and marginal farmers out of the total loans disbursed by the RRBs. However, the major reform was to merge the RRBs with the sponsor banks. The government started the process of consolidation and amalgamation in , bringing the number down to 82 in As of March-end, , the total number of RRBs stood at This number fell to 64 in March As of March , the number of RRBs has been reduced to The focus of the new government is to improve their performance and exploring new avenues of investments in the same.

Please note that currently seven states viz. Gujarat and Karnataka too have demanded formation of state level RRB. Currently, RRB's are going through a process of amalgamation and consolidation. This counts 67 RRBs till 1st week of June On 31 March , there were RRBs post-merger covering districts with a network of 14, branches. All RRBs were originally conceived as low cost institutions having a rural ethos, local feel and pro poor focus.

However, within a very short time, most banks were making losses. The original assumptions as to the low cost nature of these institutions were belied. This may be again amalgamated in near future. At present there are 56 RRBs in India. Andhra Pradesh Grameena Vikas Bank, 2. Andhra Pragathi Grameena Bank, 3. Chaitanya Godavari Grameena Bank, 4. Telangana Grameena Bank, 5. Saptagiri Grameena Bank, Arunachal Pradesh 8. Arunachal Pradesh Rural Bank,. Himachal Pradesh Jammu And Kashmir Grameen Bank, Ellaquai Dehati Bank, Kerala Kerala Gramin Bank,.

Sarva Haryana Gramin Bank, Jharkhand Jharkhand Gramin Bank, Vananchal Gramin Bank, Karnataka Kaveri Grameena Bank, Karnataka Vikas Grameena Bank, Pragathi Krishna Gramin Bank, Maharashtra Maharashtra Gramin Bank, Vidharbha Konkan Gramin Bank, Manipur. Odisha Gramya Bank, Utkal Grameen Bank, Puducherry Puduvai Bharathiar Grama Bank,. Uttar Pradesh Allahabad UP Gramin Bank, Baroda UP Gramin Bank, Gramin Bank Of Aryavrat, Kashi Gomti Samyut Gramin Bank, Prathama Bank, Purvanchal Bank, Sarva UP Gramin Bank,.

Uttar Bihar Gramin Bank, Madhya Bihar Gramin Bank, Bihar Gramin Bank, Dena Gujarat Gramin Bank, Baroda Gujarat Gramin Bank, Saurashtra Gramin Bank,. Madhya Pradesh Narmada Jhabua Gramin Bank, Central Madhya Pradesh Gramin Bank, Madhyanchal Gramin Bank, Meghalaya Meghalaya Rural Bank, Nagaland Nagaland Rural Bank, Punjab Punjab Gramin Bank, Malwa Gramin Bank, Sutlej Gramin Bank, Rajasthan Baroda Rajasthan Ksethriya Gramin Bank, Marudhara Rajasthan Gramin Bank, Pandyan Grama Bank, Pallavan Grama Bank, Tripura Gramin Bank, Uttarakhand Uttarakhand Gramin Bank West Bengal Bangiya Gramin Vikash Bank, Paschim Banga Gramin Bank, Uttarbanga Kshetriya Gramin Bank,.

Co-operative banks are often created by persons belonging to the same local or professional community or sharing a common. Co-operative banks generally provide their members with a wide range of banking and financial services loans, deposits, banking accounts, etc. They provide limited banking products and are specialists in agriculture related products.

Cooperative banks are the primary financiers of agricultural activities, some small-scale industries and self-employed workers. Co-operative banks function on the basis of "no-profit no-loss". The Co-operative Credit system consists of: a. Short-term agricultural credit institutions b. Long-term agricultural credit institutions c. Non-agricultural credit institutions The short-term agricultural credit institutions are in three categories: i.

Central Co-operative Banks at the District level iii. State Co-operative Banks at the State level The Long-term agricultural credit institutions are as under: 1. Primary Land Development Banks [at the base] 2.

Central Land Development Banks [at the apex] Thus, the apex of the co-operative organization in a state is the State Bank to which Central Banks are affiliated.

The Primary societies are mostly affiliated to the Central Banks. Some of them are grouped into local unions for the purposes of supervision. All of them are forbidden to lend to non-members except with the sanction of the Registrar of Co-operative societies. List of State Cooperative Banks: 1.

Cooperative Banks in India have become an integral part of the success of Indian Financial Inclusion story. They have achieved many landmarks since their creation and have helped a normal rural Indian to feel empowered and secure. The story has not been smooth and has its share of procedural glitches and woes placed at various pockets. History of Cooperative Banking in India The historical roots of the Cooperative Movement in the world days back to days of misery and distress in Europe faced by common people who had little or no access to credit to fund their basic needs, in uncertain times.

The idea spread when the continent was faced with economic turmoil which led large populations to live at subsistence level without any economic security. People were forced to poverty. It was the idea of Hermann Schulze and Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen which took shape as cooperative banks of today across the world. They started to promote the idea of easy availability of credit to small businesses and for the poor segment of society. It was similar to the many microfinance institutions which have become highly popular in developing economies of today.

Although this helped spread cooperative movement in many parts of Europe, in British Isles it is came from the revivalist Christian movement and found high acceptance with working class and lower middle class segments of society.

However, UK and Irish credit unions in 20th century were inspired by US credit unions which in-turn owe their emergence to Canadian adaptations of the German cooperative banking concept. These movements were supported by governments of the respective countries. This success was achieved due to the failure of the commercial banks to fund and support the needs of small business owners and ordinary people who were outside the formal banking net.

Cooperative banks helped overcome the vital market imperfections and serviced the poorer layers of society. Indian Cooperative Banks was also born out of distress prevalent in Indian society. Their ideas in turn were based on the pattern of Raiffeisen and Schulze respectively.

The Cooperative Societies Act of , further gave recognition to the formation of non-credit societies and the central cooperative organizations. In independent India, with the onset of planning, the cooperative organizations gained more leverage and role with the continued governmental support. Machlagan Committee in , highlighted the deficiencies of in cooperative societies which seeped-in due to lack of proper education to the masses.

He also laid down the importance of Central Assistance by the Government to support the movement. Saraiya Committee, in , further recommended the setting up of a Cooperative Training College in every state and a Cooperative Training Institute for Advanced Study and Research at the Central level.

Rural Credit Survey Committee, was the first committee formed till then to first delve into the problems of Rural credit and other financial issues of rural society. The cooperative movement and banking structures soon spread and resonated with the unexpressed needs of the rural Indian and small scale businesses. Extent of Cooperative Banking Indian cooperative structures are one of the largest such networks in the world with more than million members. Structure of Cooperative Banking in India The structure of cooperative network in India can be divided into 2 broad segments1.

Urban Cooperative Banks 2. Rural Cooperatives. Urban Cooperatives Urban Cooperatives can be further divided into scheduled and non-scheduled. Both the categories are further divided into multi-state and single-state. Majority of these banks fall in the non-scheduled and single-state category. Rural Cooperatives The rural cooperatives are further divided into short-term and long-term structures.

The short-term cooperative banks are three tiered operating in different states. These are State Cooperative Banks- They operate at the apex level in states. Primary Agricultural Credit Societies-They operate at the village or grass-root level. Likewise, the long-term structures are further divided into. The rural banking cooperatives have a complex monitoring structure as they have a dual control which has led to many problems. Cooperative Banks-Irritants and Future Trends A cooperative bank is an institution which is owned by its members.

They are the culmination of efforts of people of same professional or other community which have common and shared interests, problems and aspirations. They cater to a services like loans, banking, deposits etc. They are usually democratic set-ups where the board of members are democratically elected with each member entitled to one vote each. In India, they are supervised and controlled by the official banking authorities and thus have to abide by the banking regulations prevalent in the country.

The basic rules, regulations and values may differ amongst nations but they have certain common features:. These banks are small financial institutions which are governed by regulations like Banking Regulations Act, and Banking Laws Cooperative Societies Act, They operate both in urban and rural areas under different structural organisations.

Their functions are decided by the level at which they operate and the type of people they cater to. They greatly differ from the commercial banking entities. These are established under specific acts of cooperative societies operating in different states unlike mainstream commercial banks which are mainly joint-stock companies.

They have a tiered network with a bank at each level of state, district and rural. The state-level bank forms the apex authority. The ultimate motive is community participation, benefit and growth as against profit-maximisation for commercial banks. The duality in control by RCS of a state as Cooperation is a state subject.

However financial regulatory control by RBI has led to many troubles as there is ambiguity in power structure as there is no clear demarcation. Patchy growth of cooperative societies across the map of India. It is said these have grown maximally in states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu whereas the other parts of India dont have a heightened presence.

The state partnership has led to excessive state control and interference. This has eroded the autonomous characters of many of these. Dormant membership has made them moribund as there is a lack of active members and lack of professional attitude.

Their main focus being credit so they have reduced to borrower-driven entities and majority of members are nominal and dont enjoy voting rights. Credit recovery is weak especially in rural areas and it has sustainability crisis in some pockets. There is a widening gap between the level of skills and the increasing computerisation of banks. The government needs to have a serious look into the issues as they did not show an impressive growth in the last years.

In a country like India, the emergence of development banking is a post-independence phenomenon. In the Western countries, however, development banking had a long period of evolution. The origin of development banking may be traced to the establishment of Society General Pour Favoriser I lndustrie Nationale in Belgium in But the notable institution was the Credit Mobiliser of France, established in , which acted as industrial financier.

In , Japan established the Industrial Bank of Japan to cater to the financial needs of her industrial development. ICFC of England , etc. In , the U. In India, the first development bank called the Industrial Finance Corporation of India was established in Definition of Development Bank: There is no precise definition of development bank.

William Diamond and Shirley Bosky consider industrial finance and development corporations as development banks Fundamentally a development bank is a term lending institution. Development bank is essentially a multi-purpose financial institution with a broad development outlook. A development bank may, thus, be defined as a financial institution concerned with providing all types of financial assistance medium as well as long term to business units, in the form of loans, underwriting, investment and guarantee operations, and promotional activities economic development in general, and industrial development, in particular.

In short, a development bank is a development- oriented bank. Features of a Development Bank: Following are the main characteristic features of a development bank: 1. It is a specialised financial institution. It provides medium and long term finance to business units. Unlike commercial banks, it does not accept deposits from the public.

It is not just a term-lending institution. It is a multi-purpose financial institution. It is essentially a development-oriented bank. Its primary object is to promote economic development by promoting investment and entrepreneurial activity in a developing economy.

It encourages new and small entrepreneurs and seeks balanced regional growth. It provides financial assistance not only to the private sector but also to the public sector undertakings. It aims at promoting the saving and investment habit in the community.

It does not compete with the normal channels of finance, i. Its major role is of a gap-filler, i. Its motive is to serve public interest rather than to make profits. It works in the general interest of the nation. The Group handles projects and export transactions in the agricultural sector for financing.

Export Services Group offers variety of advisory and value-added information services aimed at investment promotion.

Export Marketing Services Bank offers assistance to Indian companies, to enable them establish their products in overseas markets. The idea behind this service is to promote Indian export. Export Marketing Services covers wide range of exports oriented companies and organizations. In 16 February , the ownership of IDBI was transferred to the Government of India and it was made the principal financial institution for coordinating the activities of institutions engaged in financing, promoting and developing industry in the country.

IDBI provides financial assistance, both in rupee and foreign currencies, for green-field projects as also for expansion, modernisation and diversification purposes. In the wake of financial sector reforms unveiled by the government since , IDBI also provides indirect financial assistance by way of refinancing of loans extended by State-level financial institutions and banks and by way of rediscounting of bills of exchange arising out of sale of indigenous machinery on deferred payment terms.

IDBI has played a pioneering role, particularly in the perform era , in catalysing broad based industrial development in the country in keeping with its Government-ordained development banking charter. Narasimam committee recommends that IDBI should give up its direct financing functions and concentrate only in promotional and refinancing role.

But this recommendation was rejected by the government. Later RBI constituted a committee under the chairmanship of S. Khan to examine the concept of development financing in the changed global challenges. This committee is the first to recommend the concept of universal banking. The committee wanted the development financial institution to diversify its activity. It recommended harmonising the role of development financing and banking activities by getting away from the conventional distinction between commercial banking and developmental banking.

In view of the signal changes in the operating environment, following initiation of reforms since the early s, Government of India has decided to transform IDBI into a commercial bank without eschewing its secular development finance obligations. The provisions of the Act have come into force from 2 July in terms of a Government Notification to this effect. The Pvt Bank was the fastest growing banking company in India. The bank was pioneer in adapting to policy of first mover in tier 2 cities.

The Bank has one of the highest productivity per employee in Indian banking industry. It has been accredited with "matters concerning policy, planning and operations in the field of credit for agriculture and other economic activities in rural areas in India". Serves as an apex financing agency for the institutions providing investment and production credit for promoting the various developmental activities in rural areas.

Takes measures towards institution building for improving absorptive capacity of the credit delivery system, including monitoring, formulation of rehabilitation schemes, restructuring of credit institutions, training of personnel, etc. Co-ordinates the rural financing activities of all institutions engaged in developmental work at the field level and maintains liaison with Government of India, State Governments, Reserve Bank of India RBI and other national level institutions concerned with policy formulation.

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